Muslim invasion in india

 ✔During the early medieval period, there was no single prominent ruler. India was actually ruled by more than hundred rulers. Then happened Islamic invasion and most important of them was Muhammad of Ghori. He invaded India in 1175 AD. After the conquest of Multan and Punjab, he advanced towards Delhi. Here he fought with Rajput rulers.  ✅1. First Battle of Tarain (1191 AD): Ghori was defeated in this battle by Prithvi Raj Chauhan  ✅2. Second Battle of Tarain (1192 AD): Prithvi Raj Chauhan was defeated in this battle by Ghori.  🔸And 2nd battle of Tarain laid the foundation of Islamic rule in India. After the death of Muhammad Ghori in 1206, Delhi region came under the control of his trusted general, Qutub-ud-din Aibak (who was earlier a Turkish  slave) and from 1206 starts Slave Dynasty.  ⏺⏺⏺⏺DELHI SULTANATE ⏺⏺⏺⏺ 🔹Delhi Sultanate includes, the rule of 5 important dynasties; ⚪✔ Slave dynasty,  ⚪✔ Khilji dynasty,  ⚪✔ Tughlaq dynasty,  ⚪✔Sayyid dynasty,  ⚪✔Lodhi dynasty 🔹🔹Slave Dynasty/ Mamluk Dynasty🔹🔹  ✔After the death of Muhammad Ghori,Delhi came under the control of his general Qutub-ud-din Aibak, and thus started the rule of the Slave Dynasty in India.  ✔Aibak ruled from his capital Lahore. He was a great builder and started the construction of Qutub Minar. ✔⏺ But in 1210 AD, he died of injuries received in a polo match and it was Iltutmish who completed Qutub Minar.  ✔Iltutmish was the real founder of Slave Dynasty. He was a great expansionist and consolidated territories. ✔ He ruled from Delhi and successfully protected Delhi during the Mongol invasion under Genghis Khan.  ✔He set up a group of forty nobles known as Chalisa or Turkan-i-Chihalgani.  ✔⏺After Iltutmish, Razia Sultana, was the next main ruler.  ✔⏺Later Nasir-ud-din Mahmud became Sultan. But during his tenure, the main power remained in the hands of Balban.  ✔⏺After the death of Mahmud, Balban took over and consolidated the administrative set up of the empire and completed the work started by Iltutmish.  ✔Slave dynasty rulers conquered southern territories, but never crossed Vindhyan range. Last of Slave Dynasty ruler was killed by Jalal-ud-din Khilji.  ✔⚪✔Qutub-ud-din Aibak (1206-10)  ⏺ He was also known as Lakh baksh, because of his generosity  ⏺ Built Qutub Minar, in the memory of Khwaja ✔⚪✔Qutub-ud- din Bhaktiyar Kaki  ⏺ Constructed two famous mosques: Quwat-ul-Islam at Delhi and Adhai-din-ka-Jhonpra at Ajmer Shams-ud-din Iltutmish (1211-36)  ⏺ Introduced ‘Iqta system’  ⏺ Introduced two types of coins: Tanka and ✔⚪✔Jital Razia Begum/ Razia Sultana (1236-40)  ⏺ First and Only Muslim lady ruler who ever adorned the throne of Delhi  ✔⚪✔Ghiyas-ud-din Balban (1266-86)  ⏺ Proposed the Divine theory of Kingship  ⏺ Abolished Turkan-i-Chihalgani  ⏺ Took the title of Zil-i-Ilahi (Shadow of God)  ⏺ Introduced Sijda (Prostration before the monarch) and Paibos (Kissing the feet of monarch) 🔹🔹🔹🔹Khilji Dynasty 🔹🔹🔹🔹 ✔Jalal-ud-din Khilji, the founder of Khilji Dynasty was a weak ruler and he adopted a lenient policy towards Mongol.  ✔But his successor Ala-ud-din Khilji was an expansionist and during his time, empire expanded both northward and southward. ✔ He defeated Yadava Dynasty rule and crossed Vidhyan range.  ✔Mongols (who tried to invade India) were successfully repulsed. ✔ After his death, the other rulers were inefficient and Khilji dynasty came to an  end by 1320  ✔⚪✔Ala-ud-din Khilji(1296-1316 AD)  ⏺Separated religion from politics and proclaimed “Kingship knows no kinship”  ⏺Constructed ‘Alai Darwaja’, the entrance gate of Qutub Minar and built the palace, Hazar Situn 🔹🔹🔹🔹Tughlaq Dynasty 🔹🔹🔹🔹 ✔After the death of Ala-ud-din Khilji, Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq ascended the throne and founded the Tughlaq dynasty.  ✔⏺Ghiyas-ud-din expanded his territory south upto Madurai and also decided to annex Gujrat and Bengal, which became independent during the decline of Khiljis.  ✔But in an accident Ghiyas-ud-din died an